重慶(qing)增程器按布局位置可分(fen)為拖車(che)式(shi)、插電式(shi)和(he)車(che)載式(shi)；按結(jie)構組成可分(fen)為大容量電池續(xu)航器(qi)、燃料電池續(xu)航器(qi)（需攻(gong)克的技術(shu)問題）、發(fa)動(dong)機(ji)發(fa)電機(ji)續(xu)航器(qi)。

1、發動(dong)機(ji)發電機(ji)組的增(zeng)程器研究最(zui)為(wei)廣泛。以(yi)此為(wei)例，闡明了增(zeng)程器中(zhong)能(neng)(neng)量流(liu)動(dong)的方向：燃料的化(hua)學能(neng)(neng)在發動(dong)機(ji)中(zhong)轉化(hua)為(wei)機(ji)械能(neng)(neng)，機(ji)械能(neng)(neng)在發動(dong)機(ji)中(zhong)傳遞給發電機(ji)并轉化(hua)為(wei)電能(neng)(neng)。轉換電壓(ya)后，電能(neng)(neng)最(zui)終通過分(fen)電器驅動(dong)車(che)輪或(huo)給動(dong)力電池充電（如下圖所(suo)示）。

2、如何傳輸擴(kuo)展器(qi)產生的(de)功率取(qu)決于車輛(liang)設(she)計的(de)控制(zhi)(zhi)策略。隨(sui)著各行各業人們(men)的(de)研究，控制(zhi)(zhi)策略有很多種，其中(zhong)最(zui)(zui)常見的(de)有恒(heng)溫器(qi)模(mo)式(shi)、功率跟隨(sui)模(mo)式(shi)、恒(heng)溫器(qi)功率跟隨(sui)模(mo)式(shi)等較(jiao)為復(fu)雜(za)的(de)策略。這些控制(zhi)(zhi)策略的(de)最(zui)(zui)終目(mu)標如下：

（1） 前提是要保證(zheng)動力。車輛行駛所需(xu)的動力P由動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)力(li)電(dian)池(chi)或發電(dian)機提供。為了滿足車輛各種工(gong)(gong)況所需(xu)的功率，需(xu)要采用控制(zhi)策略來確(que)定續(xu)航器和動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)力(li)電(dian)池(chi)在起動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)、巡航、高速或加速、爬(pa)升、減(jian)速制(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)等工(gong)(gong)況下的工(gong)(gong)作狀態和能量傳(chuan)輸方向(xiang)，停車收費等工(gong)(gong)作條(tiao)件。例如(ru)，當發動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機低速起動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)力(li)電(dian)池(chi)充滿電(dian)時(shi)，它將(jiang)以純電(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)模式行(xing)駛(shi)，以減(jian)少排放，而檔位擴展器將(jiang)不工(gong)(gong)作，以防止發動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機低速低效工(gong)(gong)作；當高速行(xing)駛(shi)所需(xu)的動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)力(li)超過(guo)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)力(li)電(dian)池(chi)的供電(dian)能力(li)時(shi)，自動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)啟動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)增程器發電(dian)，及時補充不足的(de)動力(li)。

（2） 確保燃油經濟性-優勢(shi)。讓(rang)發(fa)(fa)動(dong)機在最(zui)佳(jia)狀態(tai)下工作，此時發(fa)(fa)動(dong)機可以使(shi)燃(ran)油充(chong)分燃(ran)燒，節約(yue)能(neng)(neng)源，發(fa)(fa)揮其(qi)最(zui)佳(jia)性能(neng)(neng)，保證發(fa)(fa)動(dong)機的使(shi)用壽(shou)命。例如，當動(dong)力電(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)量不足時，里(li)程延(yan)長(chang)器開始工作，發(fa)(fa)動(dong)機向驅(qu)動(dong)輪(lun)提(ti)供動(dong)能(neng)(neng)，同時，由于(yu)工作狀態(tai)最(zui)佳(jia)，多(duo)余的電(dian)(dian)量會給電(dian)(dian)池(chi)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)。