電動車增程(cheng)器(qi)系統(tong)的(de)集成化方(fang)案

為(wei)了解決(jue)(jue)純電動車的(de)(de)(de)(de)這些問(wen)題，增(zeng)程(cheng)(cheng)式電動車正在成為(wei)一種可能的(de)(de)(de)(de)方案。目前市(shi)場上(shang)采用的(de)(de)(de)(de)增(zeng)程(cheng)(cheng)器主要(yao)是由(you)內燃機(ji)、發電機(ji)及其控制器的(de)(de)(de)(de)簡單組合，存在體積(ji)大、重量重的(de)(de)(de)(de)特點，勢必影響整車的(de)(de)(de)(de)經濟(ji)性能。而增(zeng)程(cheng)(cheng)器系統的(de)(de)(de)(de)集成化開發則能較(jiao)好地解決(jue)(jue)相關(guan)問(wen)題。

1. 增程式電動車動力系統結(jie)構特(te)點

本(ben)文所(suo)指增(zeng)程式電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)車(che)(che)配有車(che)(che)外充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)功能，由內燃機(ji)帶動(dong)(dong)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能通過控制單元傳(chuan)到儲能元件，再傳(chuan)輸(shu)給驅動(dong)(dong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)驅動(dong)(dong)車(che)(che)輪。其與插電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)式混合動(dong)(dong)力主要區(qu)別在于，前者(zhe)為小功率內燃機(ji)帶發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)加適(shi)當電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池;而后者(zhe)的內燃機(ji)功率一(yi)般比較大，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)較少。

增(zeng)程(cheng)式(shi)電動車的(de)核心部(bu)件就是增(zeng)程(cheng)器(qi)輔助動力單元系統(APU)，其主要(yao)由(you)內燃機(ji)(ji)、發電機(ji)(ji)及(ji)發電機(ji)(ji)控制(zhi)器(qi)組成。

2. 增程器(qi)系統集成化(hua)方案

目前，市(shi)場上大部分增程器還是(shi)(shi)將內燃(ran)機(ji)和(he)發(fa)電(dian)機(ji)通過安裝(zhuang)法蘭聯軸器或扭轉減振(zhen)器等(deng)中間連(lian)接器的方(fang)式簡單組合裝(zhuang)配(pei)，電(dian)機(ji)控制器也(ye)獨(du)立在系統之外。造成(cheng)(cheng)增程器的重(zhong)量(liang)和(he)體積也(ye)是(shi)(shi)簡單相加，而且增加了中間連(lian)接器的重(zhong)量(liang)。本(ben)文(wen)介紹兩種集成(cheng)(cheng)化方(fang)案。

2.1 內燃機－發電機的集成(cheng)

內(nei)燃(ran)機(ji)和發電機(ji)之間的(de)傳統(tong)連接方式所(suo)示(shi)，主要有(you)聯軸(zhou)器或扭轉減振器等部件。增程(cheng)器系統(tong)雖然(ran)實用、可靠，但不符合車輛輕(qing)量(liang)化、集成化的(de)要求。